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TN（Twisted Nematic）Panels

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For several years now the TN panel monitor has been the most ubiquitous on the market. Manufacturers will often be keen to point out in their specifications whether an ‘alternative’ kind of panel is used; if in doubt assume its TN. General attributes include a relatively low manufacturing cost and a relatively high level of responsiveness; the pixels change their state quickly which helps make moving images appear smoother. Some Twisted Nematic displays have double the usual refresh rate (120Hz instead of 60Hz) allowing them to take advantage of ‘active 3D shutter’ technologies and allowing them to display twice as much information every second for a smoother gaming experience. This has gone a stage further more recently with some models promoting a 144Hz refresh rate and aiming this purely at a fluid 2D rather than 3D experience.

Although it has improved leaps and bounds in this department over the years the image performance is often considered a relative weakness of TN technology. A good TN monitor can provide a crisp and vibrant image with respectable contrast – typically 1000:1 with any ‘dynamic contrast’ mode disabled. The main drawback comes with relatively restricted viewing angles. These are often quoted as 170 degrees horizontal and 160 degrees vertical which is only marginally lower than that quoted for other panel technologies. In actuality you will see a marked change in colour and even ‘inversion’ if you view the screen from the side but also from above or below, in particular. You can see this shift demonstrated in the video below on what is regarded as quite a capable 27″ TN monitor (the PG278QROG SWIFT in this case).

Since these screens are typically relatively large these days (generally up to 28”) the relatively restricted viewing angles actually affect the performance if you are sitting dead in front, too. Your eyes subtend different viewing angles if you observe the centre of the screen vs. one of the peripheral regions. You will see a given colour shade represented slightly differently depending on its position on the screen – most notably being darker towards the top of the screen and lighter towards the bottom. Because of this the colour accuracy and consistency suffers making them a poor choice for ‘colour critical work’ such as design and photography. You can see this in the image below, captured on the ASUS PG278Q in a way that is fairly representative of what you would see when observing the monitor from a normal viewing position at a desk.